Resiliencia a inundaciones : nuevo paradigma para el diseño urbano.

Resumo

El artículo aborda la problemática de la vulnerabilidad urbana frente a las inundaciones generadas por el cambio climático; su objetivo es revisar y analizar estrategias y políticas que consoliden ciudades resilientes. La metodología incluyó una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática en una ventana de observación de veinte años: 1996-2016, y fue ejecutada en seis idiomas. Se presentan cinco estrategias relevantes entre la comunidad científica que han sido aplicadas con éxito en muchas ciudades: techos verdes, tanques para aguas lluvias, superficies urbanas permeables, conducción superficial de aguas lluvias y disposición local de aguas pluviales. Se incluye además, por su potencial y alcances, una política pública: ciudades sensibles al agua. Se concluye en la urgencia de aplicar estas estrategias en las ciudades que aún gestionan sus aguas pluviales por el método tradicional (sumidero y tubo), porque continúan siendo vulnerables frente a los eventos catastróficos que genera el cambio climático.

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