Paredes verdes implantadas em pátio: estratégia de resfriamento evaporativo para edificações em clima tropical

Abstract

Internal courtyards are a bioclimatic strategy widely adopted in hot-climate regions due to their ability to enhance natural ventilation, provide shading, and regulate environmental conditions. In this context, the present study investigates the contribution of vegetated walls to the microclimatic performance of a historic building located in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, within a tropical savanna climate. The research was conducted through computational modeling using the ENVI-met software, calibrated with on-site meteorological data, allowing comparison between the existing configuration and a scenario with vegetated walls installed in one of the internal courtyards. Changes in air temperature, relative humidity, mean radiant temperature, air velocity, and the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) index were evaluated, considering both their horizontal and vertical distribution. The results demonstrated that vertical vegetation promotes localized microclimatic modifications, primarily associated with evapotranspiration and shading processes, thereby contributing to more favorable thermal conditions in areas directly influenced by the intervention. Partial propagation of these effects into adjacent corridors and indoor spaces was also observed, depending on the building’s ventilation patterns and spatial permeability. It is concluded that the integration of courtyards and vegetated walls represents a passive strategy that can enhance the environmental performance of buildings in tropical regions, reinforcing the complementary role of vegetation and architecture in adapting the built environment to urban heat conditions.

Keywords

bioclimatic architecture

tropical climate

internal courtyards

computer simulation

physiological equivalent temperature (PET)

vertical vegetation

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