Urban climate adaptation: an interdisciplinary research experience empowering architecture and urbanism education

Resumen

Las ciudades del mundo están creciendo en tamaño y número. Al mismo tiempo, el cambio climático global eleva las temperaturas medias del planeta y aumenta los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos. Sao Paulo, la quinta región urbanizada del mundo, tiene actualmente más de 21 millones de habitantes y estudios recientes alertan sobre el aumento de la frecuencia de los eventos climáticos/ meteorológicos extremos en la ciudad. En este contexto, este trabajo presenta una experiencia de investigación interdisciplinaria, basada en la escuela de Arquitectura y Urbanismo en colaboración con el Departamento de Ciencias Atmosféricas, que aborda las interdependencias entre la morfología urbana, la infraestructura verde y el microclima en Sao Paulo, con el objetivo de discutir alternativas de planificación, diseño urbano y de edificios para contrarrestar los efectos del calentamiento urbano en un clima subtropical cambiante. El equipo de investigación, dirigido por un investigador de arquitectura y un investigador asociado de ciencias atmosféricas, incluye un investigador postdoctoral, estudiantes de grado y de posgrado, que se dedican a la arquitectura, el diseño urbano, la planificación y la meteorología y que tratan el papel de la planificación, el diseño urbano y de edificios para la adaptación al cambio climático. Este artículo resume brevemente lo que hemos aprendido con la teledetección, las mediciones y la simulación numérica, abarcando las escalas metropolitanas, de barrio y de edificio, y discute los resultados de una investigación interdisciplinaria que potencia la educación arquitectónica en diferentes niveles.

Palabras clave:

enseñanza de la arquitectura diseño de edificios investigación interdisciplinar adaptación al clima urbano diseño urbano

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