http://dx.doi.org/10.14718/RevArq.2017.19.2.1523
Editorial
Anna Maria Cereghino-Fedrigo
Universidad Católica de Colombia, Bogotá (Colombia) Facultad de Diseño, Programa de Arquitectura
Arquitecta, Universidad Piloto de Colombia, Bogotá (Colombia).
Máster en Arquitectura de los jardines y proyección del paisaje, Univesitá degli studi di Genova, Genova (Italia).
Editora de Sección Revista de Arquitectura, Universidad Católica de Colombia, 2017 a la fecha.
Coordinadora de Investigaciones 2017, Universidad La Gran Colombia, Bogotá (Colombia).
Líder Línea de investigación Paisaje, Lugary Territorio, 2015-2016, Universidad Piloto de Colombia, Bogotá(Colombia).
Publicaciones :
(2016). La mirada del urbanismo en los proyectos de grado. Revista Mirada Proyectual, 13(1).
(2016). Indices de Bíopotencialidad territorial (BTC) con énfasis en el valor ecológico. Mirar la Calle.
(2016). Memorias seminario de espacio público, noviembre 2016, Módulo 3.
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0082-1955, amcereghino@ucatolica.edu.co
Recibido: agosto 10 / 2017
Evaluado: agosto 28 / 2017
Aceptado: septiembre 8 / 2017
Cereghino-Fedrigo, A. (2017). Volver a la tradición mediante la innovación. Revista de Arquitectura, 19(2), 3-5. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14718/RevArq.2017.19.2.1523
Abstract
Research and innovation are considered to be the basis for dissemination to the scientific community, this is the premise that should govern academic communities, associated with ancestral wisdom. This leads to the study and implementation of what has been discussed in forums and congresses in relation to current issues, such as rural-to-urban migrations, sustainability, and cutting-edge technologies that provide the most appropriate use of resources, combined with thoughts about territorial development in order to metabolize sustainable cities that are, in turn, interwoven, in all aspects, with the natural environment. This also provides academic spaces, open to the scientific community, to address issues that consider and analyze the future of cities, and reflect on future interests in terms of technology, environment, and sustainability.
Keywords: Territory, composite material, polluting material, urban area, rural environment.
Resumen
La investigación y la innovación se consideran los pilares por divulgar ante la comunidad científica, esta es la premisa que debería regir en las comunidades académicas, asociado a la sabiduría ancestral. Esto lleva al estudio y la aplicación de lo que se ha debatido en foros y congresos en relación con temas actuales como las migraciones campo-ciudad, la sostenibilidad y las tecnologías de vanguardia que aportan el más apropiado aprovechamiento de los recursos, aunado al pensamiento en torno al desarrollo del territorio en aras de metabolizar ciudades sostenibles y, a su vez, entretejidas en todos los aspectos con el medio natural. Es allí donde se abren espacios académicos a la comunidad científica en espera de abordar las temáticas en las que se piense y analice el futuro de las ciudades, y se reflexione acerca de los intereses a futuro en cuanto a la tecnología, el medioambiente y la sostenibilidad.
Palabras clave: territorio, material compuesto, material contaminante, zona urbana, medio rural.
Resumo
A pesquisa e a inovação são consideradas os pilares para difundir o conhecimento científico ante a comunidade. Este é o princípio que deveria ser seguido nas comunidades acadêmicas, associado com a sabedoria ancestral. Isso leva ao estudo e aplicação do que tem sido debatido em fóruns e congressos sobre temas atuais como as migrações campo-cidade, a sustentabilidade e as tecnologias de vanguarda que contribuem com o aproveitamento mais adequado dos recursos, junto ao pensamento sobre o desenvolvimento do território com o intuito de metabolizar cidades sustentáveis e, por sua vez, entrelaçadas em todos os aspectos com o meio natural. É aí onde se abrem espaços acadêmicos à comunidade científica à espera de abordar as temáticas nas quais se pense e se analise o futuro das cidades, além de refletir acerca dos interesses para o porvir quanto à tecnologia, ao meio ambiente e à sustentabilidade.
Palavras-chave: área urbana, material composto, material poluente, meio rural, território.
Figure 1. Eco environmentally sustainable
Source: Riva (n.d.) CC0.
Each nation, in short, has its own way of building,
according to the materials afforded and the habits of the country.
Vitruvius, 15th century B.C. (1973)
The changes that are taking place in academies, institutes, and associations regarding innovation and the recovery of ancestral legacy in technology, environment, and sustainability, encourage research participation and, consequently, knowledge dissemination.
The Revista de Arquitectura opens the way for the dissemination of new knowledge in these fields, as a pioneer in spreading research since the very first issue, which states that "the current aim of the Journal is to examine in depth issues related to the areas of emphasis selected by the Faculty as a thematic guiding principle" (Rozo, 1999); nevertheless, it can be observed that the "Technology, environment, and sustainability" section has scarce intellectual production; in this regard, in the same issue, its then editor affirmed:
...the three components that comprise it are the most discussed in current discourses, not only in the field of architecture; they are realities of the contemporary world, and the Academy should deal with them with a greater strength. Changes in these issues are dizzying, and universities as well as the industry have a great responsibility in this regard. (Eligio-Triana, 2012)
This leads us to take note of issues that have been analyzed and discussed at United Nations forums and congresses for four decades, such as migration from rural to urban areas, how this has contributed to population increase in cities, and how people live in cities today. Urbanization processes on a global scale, economic growth and consumption in an individualistic style of life make our civilization to be:
...pollutant and technophilic that encourages the emergence of a kind of ecological amnesia and civilizing denaturalization, which makes us forget that our well-being and our survival depend on ecosystems, as well as community and collaborative networks that we are able to build upon them. (Aguado, 2015)
Until a few decades ago, humans, sheltered by this ecological amnesia, sought to exonerate themselves from history and from the observance of nature through technological advances, but this same nature, in more recent times, with its materials and intrinsic energy has returned the gaze and expanded our consciousness.
It is the ecosystems that feed the physical metabolism of cities through the consumption of raw materials and the use and enjoyment of environmental services (consumption of water, energy, soil, etc.), transforming primal landscapes into metabolized landfills called cities. Today, the attention of men turns to the city, because they depend on sustainability for human well-being and on ecosystems to maintain life.
Quoting the words of Erik Gomez-Baggethum,
...cities that suffer from a shortage of urban and peri-urban ecosystems are more vulnerable to climate change and are less capable of ensuring the local supply of essential environmental services to maintain the health, safety, and quality of life of their inhabitants. (2016, p.VII)
It is now when academic knowledge, associated with ancestral wisdom, offers technological advances for architectural development and innovation; this academic knowledge and popular wisdom encourage the transformation of planning, under the look of ecology and sustainability, in the defense of territory.
Figure 2. Dispersed territory in Jaén, Spain
Source: La ciudad viva (2009). CC-BY 3.0.
In traditional constructions, the materials used were those available locally, but with the passage of the centuries, industrialization and subsequent globalization led to neglecting the territory and introducing new materials, such as wrought iron and steel, that reduced construction times and shortened distances; the same happened later with stone and ceramic materials, and in the eagerness to progress, tar was partially replaced by natural gas. This led traditional constructions to the generalization of design, using materials of mass production, such as metal alloys, carbon fiber, aluminum, glass, polymers, and steel, which increased the cost of energy use during the manufacturing process, while posing a challenge to management processes and recycling.
This is where innovation in architecture and new construction developments go hand in hand with sustainability, in the recovery of traditional constructions, in restoration projects, and in the strength of sustainable constructions.
The awareness around sustainability and environmental concerns has led to researching and implementing new projects and prototypes that challenge the limits of imagination, developing, as Pomerantz, Pon, Hashem and Sheng-Chieh (2000) announce, self-cleaning photocatalytic cement that can fix the components present in the atmosphere, thus giving new uses to old materials.
As a result, architects, designers, urban planners, landscapers, engineers, and others take actions in relation to the applicability, use, and appropriation of construction techniques, as well as sustainability regarding the use of resources in an efficient and economical way; they think about the use of renewable resources, how to conserve the resources offered by biodiversity, how to reduce the use of non-biodegradable materials and, above all, how to be aware of the use of finite resources and the position to be taken in the face of the fundamental role of materials.
It is in the hands of researchers to make public their experiences, encourage research, and disseminate knowledge, seeking to promote urban models from the perspective of architecture, urbanism, and territory, as well as ecology and the environment, at the service of the collective interest.
Figure 3. Smart City Nansha in Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
Source: ISA Internationales Stadtbauatelier (2013). CC-BY-SA 3.0.
References
Aguado, M. (2015). Migración urbana en un planeta abarrotado. IberoaméRica social: Revista-Red de estudios sociales, (IV), 26-27. Recuperado de: http://iberoamericasocial.com/ojs/index.php/IS/article/view/87
Eligio-Triana, C. (2012). ¿Hacia dónde va la producción escrita en arquitectura? Revista de Arquitectura, 14 (1), 3. Recuperado de http://editorial.ucatolica.edu.co/ojsucatolica/revistas_ucatolica/index.php/RevArq/article/view/720
Gomez-Baggethun, E. (2016). Prólogo. En Naturaleza urbana: plataforma de experiencias. Bogotá: Instituto de Investigación de Recusos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt.
ISA Internationales Stadtbauatelier (2013, 19 de marzo). Ciudad inteligente Nansha en Guangzhou, República Popular China [imagen digital]. Recuperado de: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Smart_City_Nansha.jpg#/media/File:Smart_City_Nansha.jpg
La ciudad viva (2009, 10 de noviembre). Territorio disperso en Jaén [Fotografía]. Recuperado de: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Territorio_disperso.jpg#/media/File:Territorio_disperso.jpg
Rozo Montaña, N. (1999). Editorial. Revista de Arquitectura, 1 (1), 1. Recuperado de: http://editorial.ucatolica.edu.co/ojsucatolica /revistasucatolica/index.php/RevArq/article/view/972/1029
Pomerantz, M., Pon, B., Hashem , A. y Sheng-Chieh, C. (2000). The effect of pavements' temperatures on air temperatures in large cities. Berkeley: Laurence Berkeley National Laboratory.
Riva, E. (s. f.). Eco ambientalmente sostenible [Ilustración]. Recuperado de: https://pixa-bay.com/es/eco-ambientalmente-sostenible-1976741/
Vitruvio (siglo 15 a. C. [1973]). De architectura (vol. II). Madrid: Ediciones de Arte y Bibliografía.